2.
Expository composition
Is a report that shares your knowledge or ideas about a topic with
a reader. Expository composition must have several paragraphs. Some expository
compositions describe a situation, while others explain a sequence of events. A
good expository composition is clearly written and easy to understand. One way
to show how your ideas connect to each other is to use transitional words.
These words are especially useful when starting a new paragraph. For examples:
i.
To add another
example or to add emphasis: also,
besides, furthermore, in addition, moreover, again, etc.
- To show how one event is related to another: accordingly, as a result, consequently, hence, otherwise, so then, therefore, thus, thereupon.
- To summarize: after all, all in all, all things considered, briefly, by and large, in any case, in any events, in brief, in conclusion, on the whole, in short, in summary, in the final analysis, in the long run, on balance, to sum up, to summarize, finally.
- To compare and contrast. Conversely, instead, likewise, on one hand, on the other hand, on the contrary, rather, similarly, yet, but, however, still, nevertheless, in contrast, by the same token.
- To show a sequence of events: at first, first of all, to begin with, in the first place, at the same time, for now, for the time being, the next step, in time, in turn, later on, meanwhile, next, then, soon, the meantime, later, while, earlier, simultaneously, afterward, in conclusion.
1.
Before
you write an expository composition
a) Find
the topic you want to write about.
What events do you think are important? Spend a few minutes “free writing”
about the sequence of event. Do not
worry about spelling, neatness or punctuation.
How do you “free write”? Just take a pen and a notebook and write
whatever comes to your mind about your topic. Keep writing for five minutes
without stopping. The aim of writing is to get your ideas flowing.
b)
Now read what you have written. You
might want to circle the sentences or phrases that you think are most
important. Organize your ideas into an outline.
c)
Using a two – column graphic organizer, write down your main ideas, supporting
details, and your concluding thought. Remember
to include a transitional word in each paragraph.
2.
Writing
Once you have made an outline for your expository composition, it’s
time to write a first draft. Use your outline to write one paragraph at a time.
Each paragraph should contain a main idea, supporting sentences, and a
concluding sentence.
Think about how your paragraphs link together. Use transitional
words to show the connections between your paragraphs. Do not worry about any
spelling or grammar mistakes.
3.
editing
Read the first draft of your expository composition. You might even
read aloud to a friend or teacher. While reading conceder:
a) Does
your 1st paragraph introduce your reader to the main idea? Is your
main idea clear?
b)
Do the next
paragraphs show a sequence of event? Do
they help the reader understand your main idea more fully than if they just
read the first paragraph?
c) Does
your last paragraph summarize the main idea and supporting details? Do they
leave the reader with clear idea of your message?
d) Have
you used transitional words in your composition? Do they help to make your
composition flow?
e) Give
your composition a title. Your title should tell the reader what the
composition is mainly about.
f) Re
writes your composition so that it fulfills all of these goals.
4.
Final
draft
Now copy a final version of your expository composition in your
best handwriting or print it from a computer. Read your final draft twice. The
1st time check your composition reads the way you want it to and the
2nd time, check that there are no spelling or punctuation errors.
Expository
composition
I was driving on a two-lane road winding through the Chester
Country, Pennsylvania, countryside with houses on either side or an unbroken
yellow line in the middle of the road. That yellow line meant to me, “Do not
pass.” I was behind a red Dodge pickup truck that was moving at exactly the
speed limit of 25 miles an hour. I thought the driver could have driven a
little faster. After all, the police do not pick you up unless you are going
more than 10 miles over the speed limit, and the road, as far as I could see,
was straight and clear.
However, the driver ahead of me steadfastly maintained his speed at
25 miles an hour. I relaxed and decided to follow at a safe distance.
“Oh, oh,” I said
to myself as I looked in the rear view mirror. Another pickup truck was
barreling up the road behind me and slowed only when he was inches from my
bumper. Impatiently, the driver of the truck behind me kept moving his vehicle
out into middle of the road, looking beyond my car. What could I do? The truck
in front of me continued to drive at exactly the speed limit 25 miles per hour.
I could feel the frustration and anger of the driver behind me
Suddenly, ignoring the yellow line, the driver of the truck behind
me pulled out and began to pass. At exactly that moment, the driver of the
truck in front of me put on his left – turn signal and started to turn into a
driveway of the house on the left. You guessed it! The truck from behind me
plowed broadside into the truck ahead of me as he pulled into the driveway.
Luckily, nobody was hurt, but this incident illustrates the types of driving
habits that cause accidents.
4. Argumentative
composition
Is a
type of writing aimed at convincing, motivating, arguing, or persuading readers
to accept, changing, or take action on something. Example, an essay can be
written to persuade, to join a certain political party, or to vote for a
certain candidate.
Things to conceder
when writing a persuasive composition
- Varied opinions about the topic. You must argue for a point and try to convince readers to support your opinion. Example, “It would be pointless to argue that the sun rises in the west and set in the east, because almost everyone wouldn’t agree with you. However, you might argue on…
ii.
Audience
receptiveness. Take into consideration your audience and their opinions, as well
as their age, level of education, sex, problem the accounted when choosing a
topic. Example, one can write about HIV/AIDs, importance of education, the
problem of pregnancy in primary school.
iii.
Sufficiency evidence. Provide
sufficient evidence to support your arguments. Use inductive and deductive
reasoning.
a)
Inductive reasoning. Is reasoning
from specific aspects to general aspects. Example, Nadhra is a form four students, she
is thief. Khanat is a form four student, she is thief. Kiboko is a form four
student, he is thief. Therefore, form four students are thieves.
b) Deductive reasoning.
Is reasoning from general facts to specific facts. Form four
students are thieves. Aisha is a form four student. Therefore, Aisha is a
thief.
4. Organize
your arguments.
Organize
your argument by; Introducing the issue, State the opinion clearly and directly, Support
the position with evidence, Draw conclusion by summarizing the main ideas and Structure
of argumentative essay.
a) introduction.
In introduction
give background or an illustrative example to show the significance of the
subject.
b.
Refutation (refusing)
State
the refutation of the opposing views to make your readers aware that you have
conceded, but rejected it (them) with good reasons.
c. Presentation of your
arguments.
Throughout
the body of your essay you should build your case one point at a time, perhaps
developing one paragraph to the defense of each of your premises.
d. conclusion
After
all your evidence has been presented, put your whole argument together in the
last paragraph by showing how the evidence you have presented provides
sufficient ground for accepting your conclusion.
Example of
argumentative essay:
IMPORTANCE
OF EDUCATING GIRLS
Unlike
a decade ago, people`s altitude towards girls` education has changed nowadays.
While people used to view girls` education as something that could spoil their
behaviour, nowadays many parents and guardians are struggling to educate their
child – girls. This is because they now the benefits of educating girls.
Awareness
towards the importance of girls` education differs from rural to urban areas.
In the urban areas, people are more aware than in rural areas. Also the urban
areas are more aware…
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